Alternative water sources continue to be used as school officials work to tame high lead levels.
NEWARK -- More than seven months after elevated lead levels were detected in the drinking water at a number of Newark public school buildings, alternative water sources continue to be used as officials work to fix the problem, a district spokeswoman said.
The district's water issues have piqued awareness across the state about the continuing threat of lead poisoning, which affects about 535,000 children nationwide, according to the group hosting "National Lead Poisoning Prevention Week" through Saturday.
In Newark, school officials say they are taking every precaution to avoid exposing children to lead, but the costs of remediating the problem altogether are prohibitive, city leaders have said. Officials said the water supply itself was not contaminated, and blamed the lead levels on old pipes and aging infrastructure at the school buildings.
In March, Newark Mayor Ras Baraka estimated that replacing all of the infrastructure would cost billions of dollars. "It's a huge undertaking to just deal with the water systems in the schools," he said at the time. "The infrastructure problems that we have as a city would be huge of course. We don't have the money and the resources to do that."
So, school officials say they are taking other steps to remedy the situation.
1. Testing the water
Newark and school officials addressing lead concerns at a meeting in March. (Dan Ivers | NJ Advance Media for NJ.com)
Earlier this year, Newark school officials notified the Department of Environmental Protection that at least 30 of its buildings recorded elevated levels during annual testing. Some levels were found to be higher than the Environmental Protection Agency's "action level" for lead, which is a threshold requiring additional testing, monitoring and remediation, the DEP said.
"We have kept water coolers in place in all schools that were initially taken off of water, and have kept drinking water outlets off for the beginning of the school year in those buildings," Dreena Whitfield, a spokeswoman for the district, told NJ Advance Media Tuesday. "We know that even in the buildings where we initially turned water off, that generally about 80 percent of the water available in those buildings was safe to drink."
4 ways Newark's lead levels changed
From March 19 through Sept. 21, officials gathered about 8,000 samples across all buildings and about 1,200 of those samples exceed the EPA's threshold. Even with this most recent round of testing showing heightened levels of lead, officials said, there is an "adequate" amount of water in those buildings that is safe to drink.
"We can assure that anywhere there was an elevated sample taken at a drinking water outlet that the faucet is turned off," Whitfield said.
2. Testing the kids
Parents brought their kids to several blood lead testing locations this spring. (Laura Herzog | NJ Advance Media for NJ.com)
When news of the elevated levels first broke, city officials and local health experts were quick to point out that it was unlikely that children would suffer permanent damage from the levels of lead recorded in the schools' drinking water alone.
Though about 17,000 Newark kids were eligible to take part in voluntary, free blood lead screenings provided by the city this year, only 496 did, school officials said.
According to the Centers for Disease Control, follow-up screenings and other measures should be taken if a child's blood test reveals at least 5 micrograms per deciliter of lead in the blood. Of the children that were tested at NPS sites, officials said, nine students had levels between 5 and 9 mg/dl, and one child's blood lead level was above 15 mg/dl.
The results showed "no widespread impact for NPS students," Whitfield said. They are actually in line with the overall blood lead levels found in all children in Newark, one of nearly a dozen cities in the state with high percentages of lead-affected kids, district officials pointed out.
"All families and their children continue to be welcome to take advantage of blood lead level testing services offered by their health care provider or free service offered by the city."
3. Installing filtration systems
Officials have blamed old pipes and infrastructure for the lead issues. (Laura Herzog | NJ Advance Media for NJ.com)
Beginning in October, district officials held community meetings to engage principals in the affected schools "about the best way to communicate directly with their school communities in order to turn on those water outlets that are below the action level - without creating confusion amongst our students and families."
Still, the district is continuing to combat the perception that all of the water in the affected buildings is tainted and that extensive construction would need to be undertaken to fix the problem, Whitfield said.
"The solution is significantly more nuanced than that, and finding the appropriate solutions for each building...is the challenge we are taking on now," she added.
One of those solutions, officials said, is using lead-reducing filtration systems at all drinking sources that did not exceed federal limits. The district has been working with a vendor to install the systems, starting with the buildings where water remains on "to ensure that those faucets that tested below the federal action level remain that way."
Installation is expected to continue throughout the fall, according to Whitfield.
4. Investing in upgrades
View Lead levels found in Newark schools' water in a full screen map
The fixes, officials said, have not come cheap. Since the water tests were revealed in March, the district has spent approximately $500,000 on additional testing and $87,000 on bottled water, officials said. The money was taken from the district's central facilities budget, Whitfield said.
City officials have pushed several initiatives to raise money to address the aging infrastructure, including a 10-cent bottle deposit across the state that would help pay to rehabilitate it.
In the meantime, the district is looking for additional ways to support the expenditures.
"We are working to identify areas for reimbursement where possible for this upcoming year, and how these ongoing costs will otherwise impact our central facilities budget through the rest of the school year," Whitfield said.
Jessica Mazzola may be reached at jmazzola@njadvancemedia.com. Follow her on Twitter @JessMazzola. Find NJ.com on Facebook.
Michael Anthony Adams may be reached at madams@njadvancemedia.com. Follow him on Twitter @MichaelAdams317. Find NJ.com on Facebook.